Test yourself: the 2022 CPD and Learning quiz

Take our end-of-year quiz to test your learning and reflect on areas that you may need to focus on ahead of revalidation.
collage of keloid scar, diabetes pin prick test,

It has been another busy year for The Pharmaceutical Journal, from the publication of the ‘pharmacogenomics’ digital special to our continued focus on green pharmacy and minimising the impact of medicines on the environment; we continue to publish forward-facing resources that support pharmacists in their learning and development. 

Our end-of-year quiz is broken down by clinical area, giving our readers the chance to reflect and identify any areas that may benefit from focused learning ahead of revalidation. Work your way through the quiz by expanding the questions in the answer boxes below. When you have answered all the questions, select ‘Finish Quiz’ at the bottom of the page to see your score. 

Liver disease

Liver function tests (LFTs) are ordered to inform a new diagnosis of liver injury, worsening of a diagnosed condition, or to monitor the progression of a liver disease. LFTs are not used in isolation, but are interpreted together and in conjunction with past medical history, the presence of other signs and symptoms of liver disease and any relevant scans or biopsies. Expand question 1 to test your knowledge.

healthcare worker inserting needle into vein in arm

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This question is from ‘Liver function tests: indication and interpretation’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Neurological conditions

Anti-seizure medicines (ASMs) were, until recently, referred to as ‘anti-epileptic drugs’. The change in terminology reflects that these drugs treat seizures, not the underlying condition. It is important to consider the possible side effects when treating patients with ASMs. Expand question 2 to test your knowledge.

ISM / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

This question is from ‘Epilepsy: management’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Diabetes

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the leading cause of death among children and young to middle-aged adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Recognising the symptoms of hyperglycaemia and DKA could help prevent morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Expand question 3 to test your knowledge.

This question is from ‘Diabetic ketoacidosis in adults: identification, diagnosis and management’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Pain management

Pictured is the visual analogue scale (VAS), which can be used to assess pain intensity in the postoperative period. The VAS uses a scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) and can be used to assess pain over the previous 24 hours or over a longer time period​. Expand question 4 to test your knowledge.

This question is from ‘Management of postoperative pain’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Respiratory diseases

As with every consumable resource, there is an environmental cost to all types of inhaler and it is important that prescribing decisions are made that maximise individual patient clinical benefit while considering ways to safely minimise the environmental impact. Expand question 5 to test your knowledge.

set of asthma inhalers

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This question is from ‘Best practice principles for inhaler prescribing’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Dermatology

A keloid scar, or keloid, is a dermal fibroproliferative growth caused by pathologic wound healing following injury to the skin — for example, from ear piercings, burns, acne scarring and surgical wounds. Expand question 6 to test your knowledge.

This question is from ‘Keloid scars: recognition and management’. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a novel class of cancer therapy that have improved the treatment of a broad range of cancers, including renal and bladder cancers. Expand question 7 to test your knowledge.

healthcare worker inserting chemotherapy drip into patient's arm

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This question is from ‘Renal cancer: management‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Genetic disorders

Around 1 in 250 people have an inherited condition called heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, which results in a raised level of cholesterol from birth and a significantly increased risk of early heart disease. Expand question 8 to test your knowledge.

This question is from ‘Familial hypercholesterolaemia: identification and management‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Haematology

Pernicious anaemia is an autoimmune condition that affects the stomach; however, it is the resultant vitamin B12 deficiency that causes the symptoms commonly associated with the condition. Expand question 9 to test your knowledge.

Blood smear, hypersegmented neutrophils, pernicious/megaloblastic anemia, iron deficient anemia, Wright's stain, 500X. Light micrograph

ALVIN TELSER / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

This question is from ‘Pernicious anaemia: recognition, diagnosis and management‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Rheumatology

Gout is a common form of arthritis but, despite being easily treatable, often goes undiagnosed or undertreated. It typically presents as an acute onset of a severely painful red and swollen joint(s). Expand question 10 to test your knowledge.

hand of someone with gout

BIOPHOTO ASSOCIATES / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

This question is from ‘Treatment and management of gout: the role of pharmacy‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Patient safety

The most common electrolytes in tissues and fluids in the human body (such as blood, urine and sweat) are sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and magnesium. Hyperkalemia (i.e. higher than normal potassium) can be caused by medicines that cause retention of potassium. Expand question 11 to test your knowledge.

patient's arm in hospital bed with iv drip

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This question is from ‘Electrolyte disturbances: causes and management‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Medicines information

Advanced therapy medicinal products are a new class of medicinal products, which includes gene therapies, somatic cellular products and tissue engineered products​. These medicines give hope for the management of diseases, such as B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, that currently have limited or no therapeutic options. Expand question 12 to test your knowledge.

hand holding pipette squeezing liquid into test tubes

TEK IMAGE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY

This question is from ‘Advanced therapy medicinal products: a comprehensive overview for pharmacy professionals‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics investigates the effects of inherited gene differences on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of medicines. The nomenclature used in pharmacogenomics can seem complex but is relatively easy to understand once applied to a specific example. Expand question 13 to test your knowledge.

This question is from ‘DPYD genetic testing and the future of pharmacogenomic testing in routine care‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Women’s health

Premature ovarian insufficiency is a condition whereby the ovaries stop functioning before the age of 40 years. The severity and frequency of symptoms varies from person to person, but symptoms can include hot flushes, headaches, mood changes, irritability and lowered libido. Expand question 14 to test your knowledge.

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This question is from ‘Premature ovarian insufficiency: diagnosis and management‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Quality improvement

Quality improvement (QI) requires a coordinated approach to solving a problem, and the people involved need to be equipped with the necessary skills and resources. A range of QI tools, methods and approaches have been developed over time. Expand question 15 to test your knowledge.

healthcare staff sat around meeting table

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This question is from ‘Quality improvement in pharmacy practice‘. Please refer to the original article if you would like to know more.

Last updated
Citation
The Pharmaceutical Journal, PJ, December 2022, Vol 309, No 7968;309(7968)::DOI:10.1211/PJ.2022.1.167176

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